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Article 25 — Harassment, Threats, and Intimidation

  1. Any national who engages in any of the following conduct commits an offence:

    1. Persistent harassment: a course of conduct directed at a person that a reasonable person would consider harassing, alarming, or distressing.
    2. Credible threats of violence: making threats of violence against any person where the threat is credible and causes the victim to fear for their safety.
    3. Intimidation: conduct intended to compel another person to act, or to refrain from acting, against their will.

  2. The offences set out in paragraph 1 include, without limitation, cyberstalking, online harassment, and harassment conducted through digital communications.

  3. An offence under this Article is aggravated where:

    1. The conduct is directed at a public officer in connection with their official functions.
    2. The conduct involves the dissemination of personal information with intent to harass, threaten, or intimidate (doxing).

  4. An offence under paragraph 1 is classified as a serious offence. Where an aggravating circumstance under paragraph 3 applies, the offence is classified as a grave offence.

  5. A person convicted of a serious offence under this Article is liable to any combination of the following sanctions, in accordance with Article 10:

    1. A fine of not less than $5,000 and not exceeding $50,000.
    2. Public censure.
    3. Exclusion from relevant digital platforms.

  6. A person convicted of a grave offence under this Article is liable to any combination of the following sanctions:

    1. A fine of not less than $50,000 and not exceeding $500,000.
    2. Public censure.
    3. Exclusion from relevant digital platforms.